In an increasingly digital world, the importance of spending time in nature is often overlooked.  In past generations, children would play outdoors until they were called in for dinner, but due to the rise in screen time and other factors, this is often no longer the case. Children’s development can suffer as a result; numerous studies have highlighted the benefits for children of getting out in to nature, including improvements in physical health, mental well-being, and social skills. At Nature’s pHarmacy®, we advocate for incorporating nature, nurture and wholeness across the board for children’s health.

People are becoming more aware of the need for children to spend time in nature. Forest schools, which first started in Denmark in the 1950s, have now spread worldwide. These fully-outdoor, nature-centered preschools have grown from about 275 in the US in 2017 to more than 800 as of 2022.

Physical Health Benefits

Children who spend more time outdoors engage in higher levels of physical activity, which is crucial for their overall health. According to a study published in “Preventative Medicine” , outdoor play significantly increases physical activity levels in children, helping to reduce the risk of obesity and related diseases. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children engage in at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity each day, and outdoor play is an excellent way to meet this requirement.

Furthermore, outdoor play often involves activities such as running, climbing, and jumping, which help develop motor skills and coordination. These activities also strengthen muscles and bones, contributing to overall physical development. In addition, exposure to sunlight increases vitamin D levels, which is essential for bone health and immune function. A Japanese study found that people who spend more time outdoors in nature have a stronger immune system. .

Mental Health Benefits

Nature has a profound impact on children’s mental health.

A 2017 study found that regular exposure to green spaces reduces stress and anxiety, leading to improved mood, cognitive development, and overall well-being.  The calming effect of green, outdoor settings can help children manage their emotions and reduce symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).  Thus, time spent in nature can enhance cognitive function and attention span, helping children perform better academically and stay focused on tasks.

The concept of “nature therapy” is gaining popularity as a way to address mental health issues. For example, forest bathing (shinrin-yoku), a practice that originated in Japan, involves immersing oneself in a forest environment to reduce stress and improve mental clarity. This practice has been shown to lower cortisol levels, the body’s primary stress hormone, and promote a sense of calm and relaxation.

Social Benefits

Outdoor activities provide children with opportunities to develop essential social skills. Playing outdoors encourages teamwork, cooperation, and communication, fostering stronger relationships with peers. Children who play outdoors are more likely to engage in imaginative play, which helps develop creativity and problem-solving skills. These experiences also help build empathy and resilience.

When children play in natural settings, they often encounter challenges such as climbing trees, crossing streams, or navigating uneven terrain. These challenges require them to think critically and work together to find solutions, fostering a sense of accomplishment and boosting self-confidence. Additionally, nature-based play allows children to interact with a diverse range of flora and fauna, enhancing their understanding of and empathy for the natural world.

Connection to Nature

Spending time in nature helps children develop a sense of environmental stewardship. The Children & Nature Network highlights how early exposure to nature can foster a lifelong commitment to protecting the environment.  As children explore and appreciate the natural world, they become more aware of the importance of biodiversity and conservation. Activities such as gardening, hiking, and bird watching can spark a child’s curiosity and inspire a passion for nature.

Dr. Jaffe has an extensive fruit, vegetable, and flower garden that brings him great joy year-round.  He also enjoys walking in nature when he can and recommends walking at least 20 minutes daily in the most natural environment available.  He has instilled this love and respect of nature in his children while exploring the rainforests of Indonesia and hiking the glaciers of Alaska. Dr Jaffe’s son also enjoyed extensive periods in forests during wilderness camps.

This connection to nature has long-term benefits for society and the planet. Children who grow up with a strong appreciation for the environment are more likely to engage in sustainable practices and advocate for environmental policies, resulting in a more environmentally conscious and responsible generation.

Practical Tips for Parents and Educators

To maximize the benefits of nature, parents and educators can take several steps:

• Encourage outdoor play and activities, such as hiking, gardening, and nature walks.
• Create nature-rich environments in schools and communities by incorporating green spaces and outdoor learning opportunities.
• Support policies that promote access to parks, trails, and other natural areas.

Additionally, parents and educators can organize nature-based activities and field trips to national parks, botanical gardens, and wildlife reserves. These experiences can provide children with hands-on learning opportunities and foster a deeper connection to the natural world.

Conclusion

The benefits of spending time in nature are clear. By prioritizing outdoor activities, we can help children develop into happier, healthier, and more socially adept individuals. It is crucial for parents, educators, and policymakers to work together to ensure that children have ample opportunities to connect with nature. By doing so, we can nurture a generation that values and protects the natural world, creating a better future for all.

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